The effect of hyponatremia on the regulation of intracellular volume and solute composition.

Regulation of solute and water balance and cell volume in the central nervous system.

The mammalian brain is composed of four distinct fluid compartments: blood, cerebral spinal fluid, interstitial fluid surrounding glial cells and neurons, and intracellular fluid. Maintenance of the ionic and osmotic composition and volume of these fluids is crucial for the normal functioning of the brain. Small changes in intracellular or extracellular solute composition can dramatically alter...

Volumetric and viscometric studies of -alanine in water and ammonia solution at 293- 313K: structure making and breaking effect

The physicochemical properties of solute in solutions provide valuable information on solute –solvent, solute – solute and solvent – solvent interactions. The intermolecular forces between theliquids molecules and solvent molecules affect the viscosity of the solution. Information regardinginter and intra molecular interactions can be obtained from volumetric, and viscometric data in asolute so...

The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training and Sleep Regulation on Some Inflammatory Markers, Anaerobic Capacity, and Body Composition in Teenage Girls with Sleep Disorders

A numerical study of the effect of channel spacers on the performance of cross-flow forward osmosis membrane modules

In this paper, we perform two-dimensional simulations of cross-flow forward osmosis (FO) membrane modules in the presence of draw and feed channel spacers. For this purpose, the equations corresponding to the conservation of mass, momentum, and convection-diffusion for the mass fraction of solute are solved using a commercial finite volume flow solver. We consider six configurations of channel ...

Cellular SRC kinases and dsRNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) play key role in intracellular viral (CVB3) replication

SRC kinases and PKR are intracellular protein kinases, which play key roles in intracellular viral replication. In this research, the effect of SRC kinase inhibition and PKR activation and inhibition on replication of coxsakievirus (CVB3), an entrovirus of the family picornaviridae – causative agents of fatal myocarditis, was studied. Vero and Hela cells were cultured and infected with CVB3 in ...